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January 09, 2025 5 min read
Hair growth and hair loss are topics that spark both scientific debate and personal concern. Thousands of people around the world wonder whether increasing the levels of NAD⁺ in the body can help improve hair growth. In this post, we explore the science behind NAD⁺, its precursor NMN (β-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide), and how boosting NAD⁺ through NMN supplementation might be a promising approach to restoring hair follicle health.
The underlying concept is based on NAD⁺’s role as a crucial coenzyme that powers cellular energy production, supports DNA repair, and regulates inflammatory signals. As we age, our levels of NAD⁺ diminish, potentially contributing to various age-related conditions including hair follicle degeneration and thinning hair. New scientific studies suggest that boosting NAD⁺ levels via NMN might counteract these negative processes, thereby supporting hair growth.
NAD⁺ is a coenzyme found in every cell of the body and plays a major role in converting energy from food into a form that cells can use. It is also vital in maintaining our cells’ ability to repair DNA and regulate inflammation. NMN, on the other hand, is a naturally occurring nucleotide that serves as a precursor to NAD⁺. When ingested, NMN is converted into NAD⁺ through a series of enzymatic reactions, meaning that supplementing with NMN can help restore declining NAD⁺ levels.
Supplementing with NMN (primarily in its β-isomer form) has been shown to promote cellular proliferation. In the context of hair health, increased cellular energy and improved repair mechanisms can potentially nurture hair follicles and reverse hair thinning. By reducing oxidative stress—which damages cells in the scalp—NMN may create an environment that is more conducive to robust hair growth.
Increases Energy, Enhances Cognitive Function, and supports healthy aging.
Learn MoreHair follicles are complex mini-organs that have their own growth cycles. During the anagen phase, hair follicles are active and producing hair; however, as follicles age or become exposed to damaging factors, they may enter the telogen (resting) phase, leading to hair thinning and loss. One of the key factors that drive this negative transformation is oxidative stress, which causes cell damage, along with inflammatory signals that further disrupt hair follicle function.
NAD⁺ contributes to optimal hair health by fueling the mitochondria—the power centers inside cells—for efficient energy production. This energy is essential for the proliferation of cells in the hair matrix as well as for the regeneration of damaged cells. Additionally, NAD⁺ supports the repair of cellular DNA, which is critical in maintaining the viability of hair follicle cells under stress.
Recent studies conducted on cultured human dermal papilla cells (HDPCs) and mouse models have highlighted the potential of NMN in reversing hair follicle atrophy. One study observed that NMN could restore hair thinning and sparse hair conditions induced by dihydrotestosterone (DHT)—a key hormone implicated in androgenetic alopecia—by promoting cell proliferation.
Researchers treated HDPCs with DHT and subsequently applied NMN. The incubation of these cells with DHT typically reduced cell viability and led to increased inflammatory markers such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1β. When NMN was introduced, not only was there a significant repair effect, but key markers indicating hair growth improved. For example:
- NMN increased the secretion of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), which enhances blood flow and nutrient delivery to hair follicles.
- NMN downregulated harmful factors such as the androgen receptor (AR) and dickkopf-1 (DKK-1), both of which are associated with the miniaturization of hair follicles.
- Simultaneously, there was a marked increase in β-catenin expression—a signal known to promote hair follicle regeneration.
These cellular events, observed in both in vitro and in vivo models, suggest that NMN not only protects HDPCs from oxidative and inflammatory damage but also actively stimulates the regenerative process that supports hair growth.
Increases Energy, Enhances Cognitive Function, and supports healthy aging.
Learn MoreDihydrotestosterone (DHT) is a well-known hormone that contributes to hair loss, especially in individuals with a genetic predisposition to androgenetic alopecia. DHT’s interaction with androgen receptors in hair follicle cells can trigger an inflammatory cascade characterized by the release of cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α. These cytokines not only damage the hair follicle cells but also disrupt the normal cycling of hair growth.
NMN has been shown to mitigate the adverse effects induced by DHT. In treated HDPCs, NMN lowered the levels of these inflammatory mediators, thus reducing the cellular damage typically seen upon DHT exposure. By dampening the inflammatory response, NMN helps create a more favorable environment for hair follicle survival and regrowth. This reduction in inflammation is closely tied to NMN’s ability to inhibit the NF-κB p65 pathway, a major regulator of inflammatory responses in cells.
Oxidative stress is another major factor leading to hair loss. Free radicals—unstable molecules generated during normal metabolic processes or by environmental factors like UV radiation—can damage the cells within hair follicles, leading to premature aging and hair loss. NMN has demonstrated a capacity to reduce oxidative stress in HDPCs by decreasing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). It does so by upregulating the activity of antioxidant enzymes, including catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD).
By enhancing these protective enzymes, NMN lessens the oxidative burden on hair follicle cells. This protective effect means that cellular structures are less likely to be damaged, thereby maintaining the integrity of the follicles and promoting continued hair growth. In effect, NMN acts as a shield that guards hair follicles against the constant assault of damaging free radicals.
Increases Energy, Enhances Cognitive Function, and supports healthy aging.
Learn MoreFor hair to grow, the cells within the hair follicle must not only be protected from damage—they must also proliferate and regenerate. One of the major pathways involved in this process is the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. An active Wnt/β-catenin pathway is crucial for the morphogenesis of hair follicles, initiating the anagen phase of the hair cycle, and sustaining hair follicle health.
Research has found that NMN increases β-catenin expression in HDPCs. Since β-catenin is instrumental in activating stem cells and promoting the overall growth of hair follicles, an increase in its levels is a positive indicator for hair regeneration. Moreover, by suppressing DKK-1—a natural inhibitor of the Wnt signaling pathway—and reducing AR expression, NMN helps restore the balance necessary for efficient hair follicle cycling. In this way, NMN supports not only the protection of existing follicles but also the formation of new, healthy ones.
The idea of using NAD⁺ precursors like NMN to improve hair growth is relatively new but rapidly gaining traction among scientists and wellness enthusiasts alike. With a clear mechanistic pathway—from boosting cellular energy and DNA repair to reducing inflammation and oxidative stress—NMN offers a multi-pronged approach to tackling hair loss.
Beyond its impact on hair follicle cells, NAD⁺ also helps regulate other growth-promoting factors throughout the scalp. For instance, the upregulation of VEGF not only stimulates hair follicles but also rejuvenates the scalp by promoting blood vessel formation. This increased circulation delivers more oxygen and nutrients to the tissue, improving overall scalp health and creating an environment that is more supportive of hair growth.
In clinical settings, NMN is being compared to traditional hair growth treatments like minoxidil. While minoxidil primarily works by enhancing blood flow, NMN tackles the underlying causes of hair follicle damage. Its dual action of reducing oxidative stress and repairing cellular damage might offer a more effective long-term solution—especially in cases where hair loss has been driven by aging or androgenetic alopecia.
Increases Energy, Enhances Cognitive Function, and supports healthy aging.
Learn MoreAlthough most of the current evidence for NMN’s benefits has come from laboratory studies and animal models, early clinical data is promising. Researchers continue to investigate not only how NMN can be used to counteract hair loss, but also its potential applications in overall skin and scalp health. This line of research is particularly exciting because it opens up the possibility of treating hair loss at its source—by nourishing hair follicles with the very elements they need to regenerate and thrive.
One of the significant advantages of NMN therapy is its apparent lack of cytotoxicity in the concentrations tested. Studies have demonstrated that NMN does not harm HDPCs but instead promotes their growth, even under stress conditions induced by DHT or oxidative agents like hydrogen peroxide. These observations suggest that NMN might be integrated safely into therapeutic regimens aimed at restoring hair growth.
Future research will likely focus on optimizing the dosage and delivery methods of NMN for hair growth applications. Clinical trials in humans will be essential to determine the long-term efficacy and safety of NMN supplementation. Researchers are also exploring combinations of NMN with other bioactive compounds to see if a synergistic effect could further enhance hair follicle regeneration.
The science behind NAD⁺ and its precursor NMN provides a promising outlook for those struggling with hair loss. By addressing factors such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and cellular energy deficits, NMN could potentially revive dormant hair follicles and support the regeneration of new, healthy hair. With research demonstrating its ability to increase VEGF expression, suppress inflammatory mediators, and activate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, NMN appears to offer a comprehensive strategy for combating hair thinning and loss.
While further human studies are needed to fully establish the benefits of NMN for hair growth, the existing scientific evidence is encouraging. For individuals tired of traditional hair loss treatments that often come with unwanted side effects, NMN supplementation represents a cutting-edge, biologically driven approach to maintaining a youthful, vibrant scalp.
If you’re looking for new ways to support your hair health, consider integrating NMN into your wellness routine. Whether you’re experiencing early signs of thinning or are concerned about the long-term health of your hair follicles, the cellular rejuvenation offered by NAD⁺ precursors might just be the solution you need.
Increases Energy, Enhances Cognitive Function, and supports healthy aging.
Learn MoreEmbrace the power of cutting-edge science and take control of your hair growth journey today.